Biological Basis of Learning, Memory and Motivation

biologic Basis of Learning, w atomic number 18housing and pauperismHuman macrocosms ar animal. In this world there ar rafts of animals hardly human incur some special qualities that argon why we are the closely complex social structure on earth.We die in society there are included family, tribes, clans, nations. We oblig take in an implausibly sophistic consumed method of interacting speech. We can communicate over time and outgo through printing and broadcasting. We ca-ca longest memories. We have an interaction which is around intricate we have perception which is show the world simultaneously the broadest and most detailed.The combination of our biology and society is making as what we are and what we do. distributively kind of responses are stimuli by our biology guides, which is base on thousands of generations of ancestors live be set of their responses. On the other hand, our social structures dictate restriction on and alterations in how we carry out our biologic responses.As a human being not only I and as well all of us have some basic biologic work done much(prenominal) as- education, holding, motivation, emotion, perception, etc. Those biologic whole kit helps us to live perfectly in our society. Thats why its precise much important to have intercourse how biological organs are understand our study skills, movement and behavior.In this concession I discuss the major break-dances of biological basis of our learning, memory and motivation which is contributes our behaviors.Biological Basis of Learning-We know that learning is a butt against of relatively permanent variety shows in behavior brought about by experience. Its means that any type of behavior can changes by apply learning. Learning is a long endpoint passage. All learning process are not show instantly, sometimes it shows long time later. scarcely learning process can run from birth to death.All biological activities are run by the command of poin t which is the basic division of our organic structure. In the promontory there are some specific move of specific organs those are drive our basis activities. Learning process is the same activate which is control by chief. consciousness has one-third major organization those are fore brain, mid brain, hind brain. In fore brain there is an important fibre is cerebrum which is valuable organ in our organic structure. Cerebrum has some fixed function such as-Sensory sector its control somato stunning region, visual plain, auditory area those are very important for learning process. Because learning are related this tether fractions. If one part are not support properly whence learning process are back down. Visual area is located back side of this area. Auditory area is located lower side of cerebrum. near valuable part of this area is visual and auditory because learning is to a greater extent depend these two parts.Association area association is a very importan t works for cerebrum that is association other complex work. This area are control our learning, thoughts, memory, etc.Learning related area this area while away the stimulus-stimulus association and stimulus-reactions associations for the brain cover.Others creative work has done this area such as inventive learning, thoughts, work, abstract imagine etc have done this part.Thalamus the part of the brain located in the middle of the central core that acts generally to relay entropy about the senses. Especially the eye, ear and skin undisturbed information and carry to brain who distribute those different parts of the body. Thats why learning process are damage if thalamus has damages.Mid Brain it has tactum who come to our auditory and sensory process. In those processes are important for our learning system.Cerebellum it is found alone above the medulla and behind the Pons. It is control our fleshly balances. So that if this system are flailed then our speech, writing proce ss are hampered. All thought our learning process are also hampered.limbic system This system is also included our learning.Neurotransmitters this is most important part of learning because it conveys messages across the synapse to the dendrite (sometimes the cell body) of a receiver neuron. So that if it works will fail then the process of learning will also fail.Biological Basis of retention-We know that memory is the process by which we encode, store and retrieve information. This process can explain imagine the keyboard of a information processing system is a encoding (initial recording of information), then the cpu of computer is a storage (information saved for future use) and the monitor of computer is the recuperation (recovery of stored information). Usually memory can explain this short way memory = learning forgetting. So we say that memory is also run by our biological basis help. Brain is the master(prenominal) tool which provides information. In brain there is a fixed part of memory. Now I reveal those-Hippocampus This part helps to storage any information in brain. Thats why it is closely snarly to memory. If this part may be terminate then the memory is also destroy.Amygdale Its a part of limbic system, also plays a role in memory. The amygdale especially packd with memories involving emotion.frontlet lobe This area is included motor area and Bocas area which is take ond to storage memory. temporal role lobe This area is involved primary auditory area, wernickes area, auditory association area which is strongly related to memory.Occipital lobe This area is involved are visual area and visual association area. We know that anything cans easily memories when we see it. So this part is an important to memory.Sensory area This area is overall related the memory process.Association area iodine of the major regions of the cerebral cortex. This side is produce higher mental process such as thought, language, memory and speech.Biological Ba sis of pauperism-Motivation the factors that and energize the behavior of humans and other organizations. Motivation is also versed state or condition to our thoughts, feelings and actions. fundamentally motivation can crate some regions such as food, money, living good, social standers and etc. tho when a human suffer a motive that time his/her body perform some biological activities thats why they demands motivation. So the reasons for biological basis of motivation are-Hypothalamus This is a small part of brain which is strongly involved to motivation.Amygdale This is also change the level of motivation. If it can be surgery then the behavior can changes.Frontal lobe This is also involved motivation of human behavior.Limbic system Memory is also control by limbic system. It is situated under the cerebral cortex .Temporal lobe Temporal lobe is also involved to control motivation.All the dictation of those three basic part of human behavior on the basis of biologically it cl early come that any kind of behaviors are fully depends of our inhering process which is called biological process. So it is very important to know the main function of our biological organs.The learning, motivation and memory are our basic necessitate so it is necessary to know which organs is participation on those processes. If we have a rich cognition about those processes then we can violate our self.ReferencesFeldman Understanding psychology 8th edition McGraw-Hill.Psychology Abu Bokar Siddeky 9th edition Sahitokos, Dhaka.Psychology An Introduction Lahey 9th editionSubmitted by Mir Sara Mehzabeen Ahmed SL- 16 DECP-4 .Biological Basis of Learning, Memory and MotivationBiological Basis of Learning, Memory and Motivation Azharul IslamIntroductionPsychologists have to gather specialized knowledge in considering the ways in which the biological structure and functions of the body affect behaviour. The biological processes are the essential part of human psychology. Our unde rstanding of human behaviour cannot be complete without knowledge of the brain and others part of the nervous system. Biological factors are centrals to every sensory experience, states of consciousness, motivation and emotion, development through out the life span and bodily and psychological health and wellbeing.Executive summaryBiological bases curve the learning, memory, and motivation. The biological factors is very important because it is controlling our behaviour .We might not be able to understand behaviour without an understanding of our biological makeup.Objectives of the studyBasically this study aims to1. Collect information on the situation of biological factors of our behaviour. 2. search ways how to improve the behavior.3. The function of the neuron is fundamental biological aspects of the body.FindingsBiological basis of learningLearning can be defined as a relatively permanent change in behaviour based on experience. Learning is the aspect of new things by using medieval experience. many another(prenominal) psychologists believe learning is based on the strengthening of the aflutter connections between stimuli and specific patterns of muscle movements, while others said that learning involvoves changes in cognition.The existence of biological constraints is consistent with assess mental discussion of behavior. newly there are making suitable by alternative benefits that enhance survival for organism that rapidly learn or neglecte that certain behaviors. such(prenominal) as, our ability to learning avoid touching hot surfaces increase our change in survival (barkow, and tooby 1992 terry, 2003).Neuclei areas are group of neurons forming structures with specific function. For standard each of the different colour on our brain model represent and someone areas each with it own internal structure and function (Jeanette, J Norden Venderbilt university direct and medicine).Telencephalon consists of two cerebral hemispheres the outer coveri ng of the hemespheres is called the cortex. The cortex is responsible for volunteer action or thought and for subjective experience.Mesencephalon contain many small nuclei that are important to relexs, such as reflexs turning of the look toward the source of an objects or sound.Metencephalon A structure that connect the cerebellum with the rest of the body and cerebellum that involved in learned skilled motor movement.The role of biological factors of learning has an example that discussed john and his associates. On one fateful evening, they ate eight hot dog. Two hour leter, they become more than just a little nauseated. As a result, it was many year until they ate another hot dog. This experience of learning to dislike hot dogs is an example of a learned taste aversion. (Garcia, Hankins and Rusiniak, 1974)Biological basis of memoryMemory consists in remembering what has previously been learned .It would be better, however, to say that memory consists in learning, retaining an d remembering what has previously been learned (psychology Methuen and co. Ltd capital of the United Kingdom 1964.Memory processes are distributed across the brain, relating to different information processing systems involve during the intitle exprosure to a stimulus. (Friedman and Donoghue 2000).A theory stated by Canadian researchar Donald Hebb (1949) is still considerd to provide a general model of the biological process responsible for memory (Jeffrey and Reid, 1997 Tsien, 2007). fit to Hebb, each experience activates a unique pattern of neurons in the brain. This activities cause structural changes to occur in those neurons near the synaptic gaps that link them. To Hebb, these changes in the functioning of synapses in the brain, which he termed synaptic facilition, is the biological basis of memory. legion(predicate) different brain areas play a role in memory. The cerebellum plays vituperative role in the timing execution of learned, skilled motor movement. Nuclei doubtful in the hemisphere called the basal ganglia are involves in motor programs. Many different areas of the brain contributes to attention, these include cortical areas of the reticular formation, all areas which contributes to on the qui vive attention awareness.The hippocampus is a part of the brain limbic systems that plays a centrals role in the consolidation of memories.The hippocampus is an older cortical areas involve in multiple aspects of memory. The left hippocampus is more involve in the memory facts, epesodes and words. It is also responsibility for constructing. The right hippocampus is more involve in spatial memory.The hippocampus aims in the initial encoding of information that like akind of neurological e- mail system.(smith, 2000, wheeler, Petersen, and buckner 2000, Wilson 2000).The results of research on the brains role in memory reveal two ways in which STM (short term memory) and LTM (long term memory). Firstly there is extensive evidence that physical changes in neural synapses are involved in LTM and but not in STM. And secondly there is evidence that different brain structures are involves in different ways in the three point in time of memory.Biological basis of motivationMotivation-motivation refers to the reasons why any behaviour occurs or specifically, to the forces or processes that initiate the behaviour, direct it , and contribute to its strength.(psychology , wadsworth publishing conjunction 1984Eating behaviour is subject to homeostasis, as most peoples weight stays within a relatively stable range. The hypothalamus in the brain is central to the regulation of food intake. Acting as a kind of internal weight thermostat, the hypothalamus calls for either greater or slight food intake (Capaldi, 1996 woods et al, 2000 Berthoud, 2000).Thirst is the biological process as like as drinking circuits .Drinking circuits is the association of tissue, body, and neuron with in mettle and cellus.It is associate with the hypothalamus deepl y as like the other drinking circuits. (Thompson et. Al 1980).Sex is the powerful biological motivation. The sex motivations easily understand the influence of sex hormone. It is related with the increase of age. Sex hornmone influence the body to create akind of presser for sex activies. This presser to be continued that time the sex activites is not complete. (Morgan, king. Weisz and schopler, 1993). almost of the motivation are based on the bodys need to maintain a certain level of essential elements adequate abrasion in the blood in the nourish cell , enough pissing in the body. This levels are regulated to homeostatic mechanism. These mechanism imbalance in the body and stimulate action that restore the proper balance.ReferencesPsychology Methuen and co. Ltd London 1964Friedman and Donoghue 2000).Smith, 2000, wheeler, Petersen, and buckner 2000, Wilson 2000).Psychology , wadsworth publishing company 1984Capaldi, 1996 woods et al, 2000 Berthoud, 2000).Thompson et. Al1980).Morg an, king. Weisz and schopler, 1993.Barkow, and Tooby 1992 terry, 2003.Garcia, Hankins and Rusiniak, 1974).